The issues discussed in the paper are urgent as the Republic of Turkey places a great emphasis on the correct identification and education of its gifted and talented children and youth. The aim of the research is to analyse the main achievements of the Science and Arts Centres BİLSEM and challenges to meet in order to improve the work with gifted learners in the Republic of Turkey. The paper might be of interest for municipal, national, public and independent institutions and organizations and individu-als involved in nurturing the unique abilities and needs of a most valuable human resource of a country - the gifted and talented children and youth.