There are insufficient resources to continue with the existing educational paradigm. This article
analyses the natural dynamics of educational paradigms and sets out an educational model for the
near future. The research examined basic educational patterns and their current state of development,
and investigated the barriers to improving the quality of education and how they may be overcome.
It offers a criticism of existing educational paradigms and how they have changed over time, and
then constructs proposals for a number of features of a new educational paradigm. This leads to the
formulation of a new educational paradigm for the near future with a number of distinctive features.
At its centre are ideas of transformation ‘gates’ of education and their functional invariants. The
notions set out in the article are intended for developers of educational systems, environments, and
programs for rapidly maturing students and adults. This will enable us to overcome the deficiencies
in current approaches to education, and focus on advanced mastery of the future, in which the
current educational standards are extremely out of date.
Keyword(s) : culture
The Cultural Internalization Scale: Assessing internal and external reasons for endorsing one’s cultural identity
The constructs of ‘culture’ and ‘cultural identity’ have long been recognized by researchers as
important, but traditionally have been treated as static properties rather than in terms of their degree
and quality of internalization. Adopting the more dynamic view of internalization proposed by
Vygotsky and by self-determination theory (SDT), two studies tested the measurement properties of
the Cultural Internalization Scale (CIS), which assesses internal versus external reasons for endorsing
one’s ambient culture. In a U.S. sample, Study 1 (N = 149) provided evidence for the reliability, factor
structure, and predictive validity of the scale. Study 2 replicated these results in a second U.S. sample
(N = 205) and in a sample from China (N = 245). In addition, Study 2 demonstrated that greater
internalization of one’s ambient culture was associated with satisfaction of the basic psychological
needs for competence, relatedness, and autonomy. Discussion focuses on the potential applications
of the CIS in research on socialization, the cultural adjustment of immigrants and sojourners, and
implications for students in higher education settings.