Contents
Roza Valeeva, Aydar Kalimullin, Tatiana Baklashova
Editorial: BRICS Countries on the Improvement of Teacher Education 6
Fariba Haghighi Irani
A Path to an Innovative Teacher Education Design: Significance of Teachers’ Professional Identity as a Central Construct 12
Intakhab Alam Khan
Innovative Pedagogies and Role of Teachers for Quality Teacher Education in Saudi Arabia 28
Lúcio Álvaro Marques
Education As a Reflection of Tradition 44
Irina Nigmatullina, Veronika Vasina, Lilia Pavlova, Violetta Garachshenko, Sin Kuen Fung
Competencies of Specialists Working with Children with ASD in the System of Continuing Education 56
Congman Rao
Building a Standards-Based Quality Assurance System for Teacher Education in China: Retrospect and Prospect 72
Lyudmila Bayborodova, Irina Ivanova, Mikhail Rozhkov
The Moral Ideal of Modern Children: Support for Choice 84
Alexey Bosov, Natalia Selivanova, Yulia Pustylnik
Digital Educational Content for a Modern Lesson: Quality Assessment Technology 98
Roza Valeeva, Gulfiya Parfilova, Faina Kremen, Sergei Kremen, Lyubov Pak, Nadezhda Ivanishcheva, Lyubov Kochemasova, Anastasiya Eremina, Irina Demakova, Elena Adamyan, Luisa Adamyan, Olga Mikhailenko, Rimma Bagova, Galina Skudareva, Mariia Ustseva
Dynamics of Career Orientations of Student Teachers: Interuniversity Study Results 114
Alexander Prokhorov, Alla Klimanova, Albert Chernov
Dynamics of the Relationship of Mental Structures and the Effectiveness of Self-regulation of Positive States in Students’ Learning Activities 134
Marina Rostovtseva, Olesya Volkova
Modern Russian Postgraduate Education: Main Problems and Key Factors in the Development 149
Roman Tikhomirov, Sergey Guz
The Effect of Physical Activity of Varying Intensity on Students’ Cognitive Abilities 165
Vera Khotinets, Evgeniya Shishova, Yulia Novgorodova, Daria Medvedeva, Oksana Kozhevnikova
Relationship of Activity Regulation Functions with Executive Functions in Junior School Children Bilingual and Monolingual at the Early Stages of Learning English 181
Journal Issue Number : 3
Editorial: BRICS Countries on the Improvement of Teacher Education
Modern processes of globalization and international integration have a serious impact on the teacher training system not only in Russia, but all over the world. This process involves new agents, increases its universalization, transforms its content, develops new educational technologies, creates innovative systems of evaluation and accreditation of future and serving teachers, and gradually digitalizes teacher education. All these trends are challenges for teacher education systems in all countries of the world, including the BRICS countries. They require the development of new algorithms of activities; complicate the communication processes of all participants of teacher education.
When conducting comparative research on the basis of contrasting the unique and the common, the priority is to find a special universal methodology that will allow to act effectively in different contexts and ensure the quality of modern teacher education (Menter et al., 2017).
A Path to an Innovative Teacher Education Design: Significance of Teachers’ Professional Identity as a Central Construct
Teacher education program as a focal platform of teacher identity construction has extensively been explored recently. This study examines the Engage, Study, Activate (ESA) teacher education model’s effectiveness in fostering teacher professional identity. Utilizing Freeman’s (2020) evaluation model, the ESA model’s content and design were analyzed. A qualitative case study followed one participant over a year, using written narratives, interviews, and demos. Applying document and thematic analysis, findings showed 93% alignment with Freeman’s knowledge base and identified three key themes: forming personal beliefs, overcoming self-doubt, and developing global citizenship. The study underscores the importance of incorporating intercultural topics, AI, and digital tools into the ESA program, highlighting its value for pre-service teachers, educators, curriculum developers, and researchers in understanding teacher identity.
Innovative Pedagogies and Role of Teachers for Quality Teacher Education in Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia’s education sector has experienced substantial growth, with considerable investment and emphasis placed on teacher education. This qualitative research delves into the specific requirements and challenges faced by teachers in Saudi Arabia to underscore the necessity for comprehensive teacher education programs. Until now, Saudi teachers’ colleges trained future school teachers for all school subjects especially English as a second/foreign language. However, there has been a change in teacher education planning and curriculum, and teachers of English (especially for schools) are mostly recruited who have bachelor’s or master’s degrees in English language/literature. Some researchers and educationalists are always of the view that proper pre-service teacher training is required to prepare effective teachers because school teaching lays a solid foundation for future courses and workplaces including English language institutes (for English teachers). Keeping the crucial roles in view, teacher education is expected to train teachers in digital education in augmented or virtual learning environments which emerged as a need in the post-Covid scenario. To cater to such needs, the researcher employed a purposive sampling technique and recruited 20 experienced school teachers and 5 English language instructors (from King Abdulaziz university, Jeddah-Saudi Arabia) who participated in semi-structured interviews. The study unearthed critical insights into teachers’ perspectives, highlighting their needs, experiences, and expectations within the educational landscape. Through thematic analysis, the research identified significant areas for improvement in teacher education initiatives. The outcomes underscore the urgent need for tailored teacher education programs to better equip English teachers, ultimately enhancing the quality of English language instruction in Saudi Arabian schools.
Education As a Reflection of Tradition
The history of Brazil is divided into three periods: colonial (1500-1822), imperial (1822-1889), and republican (1889 to the present). From 2015 at 2024, there have been distinct definitions of what “education” is in Brazil. Therefore, I will examine the concepts of education presented by Dilma Rousseff in her Message to the National Congress (2015), by the National Common Curricular Base – BNCC, (2017), and by Jair Bolsonaro also in the Message to the National Congress (2019), respectively, focusing on the forms of humanist, technicist and elitist education. Having explained the definitions, I present the analysis of two Brazilian “unpublished documents” – a Compendium Philosophicum (1756) and Offended and defended Slavery 1840 – as examples of an education based on innovation and social commitment. From them I point out a critical reading of elitist and technicist forms and advocate for critical and emancipatory education, based on three elements: 1) the need to produce knowledge on a global scale with symmetry, reciprocity and recognition, 2) education thought as an action that transforms the human being, and 3) knowledge and education as the basis for the inclusion and overcoming social inequalities.
Competencies of Specialists Working with Children with ASD in the System of Continuing Education
This paper identifies the competencies of specialists working with children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) using a modular competence approach in the continuing education system. The study provided additional training to specialists in Tatarstan and conducted an online survey of 104 participants who had completed advanced training. The survey identified an uneven formation of competencies among specialists, with teachers and educators less prepared to interact with children with ASD than speech therapists and psychologists. Inadequacies were found in all groups, especially in diagnosis and technology applications. A model of additional education was developed for specialists in the integrated support system for children with ASD that needs to be expanded to include teachers and educators involved in inclusive education.
Building a Standards-Based Quality Assurance System for Teacher Education in China: Retrospect and Prospect
After entering the 21st century, a series of standards have been developed to build a standards-based quality assurance system for teacher education in China. The building of quality assurance system for teacher education has made some achievements, but it also faces some problem. At present, the building of high-quality teacher education system has been determined as the most important task in the reform and development of teacher education in China. This requires us to improve the quality assurance system for high-quality teacher education on the basis of reflecting on the existing system building. Based on documentary analysis the paper examines the building process and compositions of the standards-based quality assurance system for teacher education in China, and analyzes the problems and challenges of the existing system and puts forward some suggestions on building a quality assurance system for teacher education based on development-oriented teacher professional standards.
The Moral Ideal of Modern Children: Support for Choice
The study aims to determine the factors influencing the definition of moral ideals among adolescents and the peculiarities of pedagogical support of their moral choice. The main approaches are represented by the authors’ research tools. In total, 3,443 teenagers aged 11–14 years participated in the study that had been conducted since 2017 till 2023.
The study revealed that when predicting their ideals, children focus on individuals who are successful, smart, goal-oriented, kind, talented, and ready to overcome obstacles in achieving the goal. TikTokers, bloggers, streamers, YouTubers, programmers, gamers, and e-sportsmen serve as role models for teenagers. The virtual space has a major impact on the moral choices of the new generation.
The authors found out the key factors (intellectual, motivational, emotional, volitional, objective and practical, existential, and self-control) that influence an individual’s perception of moral ideals. The risk of forming values unworthy of imitation through social media and the risk of creating an unrealistic idealised ‘self’ projected by the virtual space were identified. The paper concludes that teacher’s guidance in shaping the children’s moral choices is needed.
Digital Educational Content for a Modern Lesson: Quality Assessment Technology
Widely and universally used e-learning systems (ELS) remain the subject of close attention of researchers. An integral and most important part of the ELS is digital educational content. This is a key element for both distance and full-time education, and in recent years it has been widely used not only in higher education, but also in general education. Assessing the quality of educational content for the expert community is a delicate issue, the complexity of which is due to the examinator subjectivity. Modern automation tools, developed within the framework of the artificial intelligence paradigm, which have already demonstrated the ability to solve various problems, allow us to approach this issue from a new position.
The purpose of the article is to present the results of a preliminary study of approaches to increasing the accuracy and objectivity of the examination of the quality of digital educational content through partial automation of expert procedures.
The leading research methods are analysis, examination, modeling, ascertaining experiment, description.
As a result, a theoretical justification for automating the examination of the quality of digital educational content as a new interdisciplinary scientific research area is presented, tasks are set, goals and methods are defined, and the first results obtained within this area are presented. It is shown that the development goal will be the formation of an expanded description of the process of examination of the quality of digital educational content, including proposals for expert procedures implemented only by automation means, description of the examination information model and interpretation of the results of automatic examination.
The novelty of the results obtained lies in the formation of the theoretical foundations for automatic analysis of the digital educational content quality. This will form a fundamentally new quality of assessment procedures in relation to electronic means of teaching and education, based on objective and measurable qualitative characteristics and indicators, formalized stages (processes) of examination, and quantitatively qualified assessment results.
Dynamics of Career Orientations of Student Teachers: Interuniversity Study Results
One of the reasons for the shortage of teaching staff in various countries around the world is the problem of attracting young staff to schools and their rapid dismissal. This situation actualizes the issues of studying the motivational bases for choosing a teaching profession. Tracking changes in students’ career choice preferences can be facilitated by monitoring students’ career orientations at different stages of their studies.
The study aims to explore the dynamics of career orientations of student teachers from universities of various types over a three-year period of study.
As a method of repeated research, the methodology for determining career orientations by Shein (adapted by Vinokurova and Chiker) was used. Analysis of the universities’ curricula was carried out to determine the characteristics of the educational process organization. With the help of a questionnaire, socio-demographic and motivational-professional characteristics of students were identified. Five hundred and four 3rd-year students from 6 universities of different types, who had already taken part in the first stage of the study in 2022, became participants in this study. The analysis of the obtained data allowed to identify the preservation of main career orientations (service, job stability and integration of lifestyles) among students. The convergence of the indicators of career orientations among students from different universities was established.
Dynamics of the Relationship of Mental Structures and the Effectiveness of Self-regulation of Positive States in Students’ Learning Activities
This study describes the results of a research that was aimed at studying the dynamics of changes in positive mental states during the educational activities of students at a higher educational institution, their relationship with mental structures and the effectiveness of self-regulation of states. The relationships between mental structures (reflexive, semantic, self-system) and positive mental states were studied and subsequently analyzed during the course of the lesson (the beginning of the lesson, the middle, where the peak of students’ activity is observed, and the end of the lesson). The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between the structures of consciousness and the effectiveness of self-regulation of positive states in the dynamics of students’ educational activities. The study of the characteristics of mental states and the effectiveness of their self-regulation was carried out during the students’ performance of a group assignment at a seminar. Separately, outside of educational activities, we diagnosed the severity of mental structures. In our work, we used both well-known questionnaires for diagnosing mental structures and mental states, and specially developed methods for studying the effectiveness of self-regulation and the severity of positive states. As a result, we found that by the middle of the lesson, there is an increase in the activity of experiencing positive states, and by the end, there is a decrease in its intensity. We found that positive states in the classroom are interconnected with the expression of mental structures and a high level of self-regulation efficiency. We found that the effectiveness of self-regulation of states at the beginning of the lesson is associated with semantic structures, in the middle – with value-semantic structures and the self-system, and at the end of the lesson reflexive structures acquire special importance. The results obtained can be used to update and maintain positive states during educational activities and they are novel.
Modern Russian Postgraduate Education: Main Problems and Key Factors in the Development
The article explores the key issues of postgraduate training. Today, there are a number of contradictions that are associated with the need to develop a holistic concept for determining the place and functions of postgraduate studies in modern society.
The paper aims to analyze the main difficulties and problems that candidates for an academic degree face during their postgraduate studies.
Research methods: the Main Problems of Postgraduate Studies questionnaire developed and tested by the authors, a method of statistical data analysis.
The study revealed that the main goals of entering postgraduate studies for most postgraduate students are associated with obtaining an academic degree, and more than 50% of respondents consider scientific activity to be their calling. The main difficulty noted by postgraduate students is the lack of opportunity to conduct research work and test its results. Among other factors, they highlight the need to combine the work with education. But at the same time, almost 77% of students do not plan to drop out. The paper concludes that postgraduate students of the Siberian Federal University have high motivational and target settings, allowing them to successfully study, engage in scientific activity, and obtain an academic degree.
The study findings will help create measures of legal and organizational support, which will allow establishing collaborations, building interdisciplinary links between specialties to obtain high-quality scientific research, as well as attracting foreign applicants to study at the postgraduate level in Russia.
The Effect of Physical Activity of Varying Intensity on Students’ Cognitive Abilities
There is increasing evidence that physical activity positively affects cognitive function. Physical exercise activates molecular systems involved in metabolism and synaptic plasticity, and the interaction between these systems has been shown to influence cognitive function.
The challenge for the scientific community is to find an optimal level of physical activity for students that will promote harmonious development and enhance the effectiveness of their academic performance. This article highlights the influence of various intensities of physical activity on the dynamics of intelligence indicators in male and female students. In the process of the pedagogical experiment, the students were distributed into two groups according to a certain mode of physical activity. The classes in the experimental group included exercises of high intensity, while the classes in the control group included mainly exercises of low intensity.
Intellectual abilities were measured before and after 2 months of the pedagogical experiment. The Raven’s Standardized Performance Matrices (SPM) test was used to assess intellectual abilities.
The results of the study showed that the increase in intelligence indicators in the students of the experimental group is statistically significant, in contrast to the control group. At the same time, it was not possible to identify significant differences using ANOVA.
The obtained data are useful in the context of further research, as they show specialists engaged in the study and development of the cognitive abilities of students, different possibilities of influence and a certain range in the organization of further.
Relationship of Activity Regulation Functions with Executive Functions in Junior School Children Bilingual and Monolingual at the Early Stages of Learning English
The article explores issues about the advantages and difficulties of balanced bilinguals in conditions of language entropy. The purpose of the study is to identify the connection between activity regulation functions and executive functions in primary bilingual schoolchildren at the early stage of learning English under conditions of language entropy. The psychologist’s software package “Practice – MSU” was used, the results of which were processed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon T test, and structural equation modeling. Data were obtained confirming the syncretic effect of bilingualism in an educational situation. It has been established that learning English from primary school age by bilinguals is characterized by the productivity of attentional actions, which has effects on other control functions, in particular, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. This is due to the fact that bilingualism strengthens the processes of attention control, since the developing multilingual system requires increased attention resources to control the language being studied. The conclusion is formulated that the activation of the multilingual mental field in an educational situation ensures the activation of the system of regulatory processes of the cognitive level in primary school age.
The results obtained touch upon the solution of questions about the psychological and pedagogical conditions of the educational environment, which contribute to increasing the effectiveness of the pedagogical process in the early stages of learning English by primary schoolchildren with different language status.
E&SD 18(3) September 2023
Contents
Aydar Kalimullin
Quality of Teacher Education in International Studies 6
Alexander Bermous, Roza Valeeva, Tatiana Baklashova
Transformation of Research and Innovations in the Sphere of Teacher Education: Reviewing the Results of the 9th International Forum on Teacher Education (IFTE-2023) 10
Manpreet Kaur Bagga
Being, Becoming, and Belonging: Professional Identity of Teacher Educators 38
Helena Šlebir Lekan, Andreja Istenič
Coaching in the Leadership for Development-Oriented Work in Educational Organization in a Crisis Situation 50
Loredana Perla, Laura Sara Agrati, Viviana Vinci
The Documentation for the School System Evaluation and the Teachers Professional Development: A University-school Collaborative Research in Italy 69
Maria Alzira de Almeida Pimenta
Competence of the Modern Educator: In Search of Finding Values (Brazilian case) 92
Valeryan Gabdulkhakov
Bilingual Education in Tatarstan 100
Mikhail Goshin, Dmitry Grigoryev, Pavel Sorokin
Parental Strategies and Agency of Children Engaged in Extracurricular Activities during the Pandemic 116
Vladimir Maralov, Marina Kudaka, Adlet Kariyev, Olga Krezhevskikh, Elena Agranovich, Larisa Ageeva
The Role of Self-Efficacy and Psychological Well-Being in Students’ Choice of Self-Improvement Strategies 135
Irina Nigmatullina, Elvira Sadretdinova, Veronika Vasina, Valeriya Stepashkina, Natalya Kryukovskaya, Aksana Famina, Nataliya Myodova, Evgenia Dergachyova, Galiya Abaeva, Meirbek Toktabaev
Educational Potential of Preschool Children with ASD 152
Valentina Solovyova, Natalia Inozemtseva
Identifying the Level of Medical Students’ Emotional Intelligence to Determine the Need for Improvement of the Educational Process 168
Guzaliya Fahrutdinova, Zarina Ibrayeva, Kulzhanat Bulatbayeva
Development of Multicultural Education in Tatarstan and Kazakhstan 184
Ruslan Khakimzyanov
Formation of the Identity of University Students Prone to Deviant Behavior 202
Vera Khotinets, Evgeniya Shishova, Yulia Novgorodova, Oksana Kozhevnikova, Daria Medvedeva
Cognitive Regulation of Junior Bilingual Schoolchildren in the Process of Learning a Third Language 215
Nadezhda Tsvetkova, Pavel Kislyakov, Kira Lagvilava, Natalia Semenova
Regional Specifics of Psychological Well-Being among Graduate Students of the Faculty of Psychology 230
Quality of Teacher Education in International Studies
This special issue of the Education and Self-Development journal presents articles based on the presentations of Russian and international colleagues at the 9th International Forum on Teacher Education (IFTE) held May 24–26 at Kazan Federal University.
One of the main missions of KFU is to unite the efforts of Russian and foreign scholars in the study of topical issues of teacher training. Unfortunately, for a number of reasons, the Russian system of teacher education was only fragmentarily represented in the international scientific and pedagogical community. Meanwhile, the historical past, traditions, features of political and socio-economic development have formed a rather interesting educational system in Russia. Therefore, the main philosophy of our scientific activity, an important element of which is the IFTE, has been and remains cooperation with scientists from around the world, studying the best educational practices, objectively covering the history and current state of teacher training in Russia, comparing them with global trends and processes taking place now or taking place at a particular historical stage.
Transformation of Research and Innovations in the Sphere of Teacher Education: Reviewing the Results of the 9th International Forum on Teacher Education (IFTE-2023)
The aim of the study was to organize a reflexive understanding of the issues and trends in the development of the research in teacher education in Russia through the analysis of some aspects of the International Forum on Teacher Education on the basis of Kazan Federal University (https://ifte.kpfu.ru/). In this context, three tasks were solved: the development of the concepts of the “field description” of conference activities; formation of a preliminary “field image” of the IFTE-2023, identification of leading trends and urgent tasks in the organization of conference events in the near future. The research methodology included three components: conducting a survey of the Forum participants, aimed at identifying existing priorities, attitudes in the field of teacher education; analysis of the topics of “key reports”; analysis of the statements of experts participating in the panel discussion on the problems of teacher education, held on May 25, 2023 as part of IFTE-2023. The results obtained allow us to draw conclusions in the following aspects: on the use of key ideas for the study of research and innovation activities in the field of education; generalized requirements for the design of conference-oriented events on teacher education; preliminary assessment of the relevance and significance of events; conditions for improving the quality and efficiency of conference discussions; priority areas of research on practical pedagogy; activation of public participation in interdisciplinary and inter institutional projects; priorities for the transformation of teacher education.
Being, Becoming, and Belonging: Professional Identity of Teacher Educators
Teacher education plays an essential role in shaping the quality of education, and teacher educators are central to this process. The paper explores the personal and professional aspects that constitute the professional identity of teacher educators, shedding light on their journey from classroom teachers to facilitators of fellow educators’ growth. This article delves into the intricate model of professional identity of teacher educators, examining the dimensions of being, becoming, and belonging within this dynamic role. The concept of ‘being’ a teacher educator encompasses the multifaceted roles and functions these educators undertake. The aspect of ‘becoming’ a teacher educator focuses on the transition from classroom teaching to teacher education. The paper examines the two prominent pathways into this role: the academic pathway, driven by advanced academic pursuits, and the practitioner’s pathway, chosen by experienced educators seeking a shift from schools to training institutions. The concept of ‘identity shock’ during this transition is explored, along with the heightened intellectual engagement that emerges as teacher educator’s grapple with new challenges and opportunities. The theme of ‘belonging’ uncovers teacher educators’ affiliations with various communities, each shaping their professional identity. The paper highlights the role of collective affinities in shaping teacher educators’ teaching methods, research endeavours, and leadership approaches.
Coaching in the Leadership for Development-Oriented Work in Educational Organization in a Crisis Situation
The crisis situation, the pandemic, with the closure of the educational space, has stimulated the integration of the virtual environment and digital technology into the educational space and has brought new leadership challenges. We investigated the experience of employees in the educational space (schools with adapted programmes, primary schools and secondary schools) during the pandemic. We found that employees experienced the negative aspect of facing the pandemic requirements for a virtual work environment. They were faced with the challenge of seeking help during the work process. They also had problems with remote work effectiveness, motivation and satisfaction. We were interested in the school leaders’ response to work, the role of the leadership in the process of employee adaptation, and how to identify, understand and use the development tool of coaching when working in a virtual environment. A development tool is an aid to the work process, which enhances work performance. The study confirmed that a development-oriented work process depends on a higher utility value of coaching, from a positive employee response to the use of digital technologies in the work process and leaders’ support in this. To the extent that employees were more open to using the Internet in the work process, they also reacted more positively to the new working conditions which required shifting online during the pandemic. A more positive response was also present in those where the leader’s support was higher. We also detected a more positive response to the work process among employees who expressed an opinion about the higher useful value of coaching during the work process. We found that employees’ response to online technologies was quite positive. Employees’ response to the virtual work process was positive. Employees were open to the use of online technologies if the role of the employer was supportive. This leads to a better development-oriented work process.
The Documentation for the School System Evaluation and the Teachers Professional Development: A University-school Collaborative Research in Italy
The continuous professional development of the teacher (CPD) has long been considered a
prerequisite for the career and also for economic progress. CPD must be compared to standards
which also make it possible to construct validation systems for the teachers’ skills in progress.
The issue of teaching professionalism emerges also in the Italian legislative debate. We outline the
research “The continuous professional development of the teacher: from the Improvement Plan to the
appraisal”, conducted with a group of 33 schools in Southern Italy, the University of Bari and Unione
Cattolica Italiana Insegnanti Medi (UCIIM, teachers’ association). The research project investigated
the documentation of practices (connected with school’s self-evaluation, teacher evaluation and
appraisal procedures) to improve the quality of teaching and to develop teacher professionalism.
Three phases of research training occurred: a) The first phase involved a specific document analysis
of “Rav” and “PdM” (acronyms for Self-Assessment Report – Rapporto di Auto-Valutazione – and
Improvement Plan – Piano di Miglioramento). These documents were presented to the teaching
staff and served as the primary materials for self-evaluation and decision-making. b) In the second
phase, referred to as “professional development,” the skills audit and standards were introduced and
collaboratively developed with the teachers. These documents formed the foundation of a teacher’s
professional development program. c) The third phase was dedicated to “merit appraisal.” It focused
on selecting and analyzing the best appraisal sheets, which were considered the primary documents
for assessing merit and promoting teachers. The school staff involved over 300 people, including
teachers and principals. The results of the study underlined: the impact of the documentary practices
introduced by school evaluation system on professional development; the importance of university-school collaboration supporting school-based assessment and teachers’ professional development,
shifting from a top-down orientation to more teacher self-regulating initiatives; the methodological-educational choice of principals as teachers’ tutors.