The article aims to show the Makhmutov's contribution in learning theory. The analysis of scientific literature and best teaching experience shows that M.I.Mahmutov formulated the types of learning from the dogmatic, explanatory and illustrative to the problem and showed the dialectic of the transformation of quantity of students' knowledge learned in their quality awareness, he showed them the dialectical relationship, he proved that student as a teaching subject should be prepared. M.I.Mahmutovu's idea of distinguishing skill of a teacher in the degree of development of his system of problem-based learning methods. Kazan and the republic in general have become a major springboard for dialectical transition to a problematic type of training.
Kazan and the republic as a whole has become the main staging area of transition to problematic type of training. This is a very significant impact on educational outcomes. This was evidenced by the pupils winning places in Tatarstan and the Soviet Union. Makhmutov scientific school was continued in the work of practicing teachers. Therefore, many teachers still use methods of problem-developmental education. They feel these methods are an obligatory attribute of quality education.